TSystem

class TSystem : public TNamed

    protected:

      virtual const char* ExpandFileName(char* fname)

    public:

                      TSystem TSystem(char* name = Generic, char* title = Generic System)
                      TSystem TSystem(TSystem&)
                 virtual void ~TSystem()
                 virtual void Abort(int code = 0)
                  virtual int AcceptConnection(int sock)
               virtual Bool_t AccessPathName(char* path, EAccessMode mode = kFileExists)
                 virtual void AddFileHandler(TFileHandler* fh)
                 virtual void AddSignalHandler(TSignalHandler* sh)
                 virtual void AddTimer(TTimer* t)
                  virtual int AnnounceTcpService(int port, Bool_t reuse, int backlog)
                  virtual int AnnounceUnixService(int port, int backlog)
          virtual const char* BaseName(char* pathname)
                       Bool_t cd(char* path)
               virtual Bool_t ChangeDirectory(char* path)
                      TClass* Class()
                 virtual void CleanCompiledMacros()
                 virtual void CloseConnection(int sock)
                 virtual void Closelog()
                  virtual int ClosePipe(FILE* pipe)
                  virtual int CompileMacro(char* filename)
                virtual char* ConcatFileName(char* dir, char* name)
                 virtual void CreateInspectView(TObject* obj)
          virtual const char* DirName(char* pathname)
                 virtual void DispatchOneEvent(Bool_t pendingOnly = kFALSE)
                virtual char* DynamicPathName(char* lib, Bool_t quiet = kFALSE)
               virtual Func_t DynFindSymbol(char* module, char* entry)
                virtual Int_t Exec(char* shellcmd)
                 virtual void Exit(int code, Bool_t mode = kTRUE)
                         void ExitLoop()
               virtual Bool_t ExpandPathName(TString& path)
                virtual char* ExpandPathName(char* path)
                 virtual void FreeDirectory(void* dirp)
          virtual const char* GetDirEntry(void* dirp)
          virtual const char* Getenv(char* env)
          virtual const char* GetError()
                  const char* GetErrorStr()
         virtual TInetAddress GetHostByName(char* server)
          virtual const char* GetIncludePath()
          virtual const char* GetLibraries(char* regexp, char* option)
          virtual const char* GetLinkedLibs()
          virtual const char* GetMakeExe()
          virtual const char* GetMakeSharedLib()
                  virtual int GetPathInfo(char* path, Long_t* id, Long_t* size, Long_t* flags, Long_t* modtime)
         virtual TInetAddress GetPeerName(int sock)
                  virtual int GetPid()
                  virtual int GetServiceByName(char* service)
                virtual char* GetServiceByPort(int port)
         virtual TInetAddress GetSockName(int sock)
                  virtual int GetSockOpt(int sock, int kind, int* val)
          virtual const char* GetSoExt()
          virtual const char* HomeDirectory(Char_t* userName = 0)
          virtual const char* HostName()
                 virtual void IgnoreInterrupt(Bool_t ignore = kTRUE)
                       Bool_t InControl()
               virtual Bool_t Init()
                         void InnerLoop()
              virtual TClass* IsA()
               virtual Bool_t IsAbsoluteFileName(char* dir)
                  virtual int Link(char* from, char* to)
                 virtual void ListLibraries(char* regexp)
                 virtual void ListSymbols(char* module, char* re)
                  virtual int Load(char* module, char* entry)
                  virtual int MakeDirectory(char* name)
                          int mkdir(char* name)
               virtual Long_t NextTimeOut(Bool_t mode)
                virtual TTime Now()
                  virtual int OpenConnection(char* server, int port)
                virtual void* OpenDirectory(char* name)
                 virtual void Openlog(char* name, Int_t options, ELogFacility facility)
                virtual FILE* OpenPipe(char* command, char* mode)
               virtual Bool_t ProcessEvents()
                  const char* pwd()
                  virtual int RecvBuf(int sock, void* buffer, int length)
                  virtual int RecvRaw(int sock, void* buffer, int length, int flag)
        virtual TFileHandler* RemoveFileHandler(TFileHandler* fh)
                         void RemoveOnExit(TObject* obj)
      virtual TSignalHandler* RemoveSignalHandler(TSignalHandler* sh)
              virtual TTimer* RemoveTimer(TTimer* t)
                 virtual void Rename(char* from, char* to)
                 virtual void ResetTimer(TTimer*)
                 virtual void Run()
                  virtual int SendBuf(int sock, void* buffer, int length)
                  virtual int SendRaw(int sock, void* buffer, int length, int flag)
                 virtual void SetDisplay()
                 virtual void Setenv(char* name, char* value)
                 virtual void SetIncludePath(char* IncludePath)
                 virtual void SetLinkedLibs(char* LinkedLibs)
                 virtual void SetMakeExe(char* directives)
                 virtual void SetMakeSharedLib(char* directives)
                 virtual void SetProgname(char* name)
                  virtual int SetSockOpt(int sock, int kind, int val)
                 virtual void SetSoExt(char* SoExt)
                 virtual void ShowMembers(TMemberInspector& insp, char* parent)
                 virtual void Sleep(UInt_t milliSec)
                 virtual void StackTrace()
                 virtual void Streamer(TBuffer& b)
                  virtual int Symlink(char* from, char* to)
                 virtual void Syslog(ELogLevel level, char* mess)
                  virtual int Umask(Int_t mask)
          virtual const char* UnixPathName(char* unixpathname)
                  virtual int Unlink(char* name)
                 virtual void Unload(char* module)
                 virtual void Unsetenv(char* name)
                virtual char* Which(char* search, char* file, EAccessMode mode = kFileExists)
          virtual const char* WorkingDirectory()

  Data Members

    protected:

               TFdSet fReadmask         !Files that should be checked for read events
               TFdSet fWritemask        !Files that should be checked for write events
               TFdSet fReadready        !Files with reads waiting
               TFdSet fWriteready       !Files with writes waiting
               TFdSet fSignals          !Signals that were trapped
                Int_t fNfd              Number of fd's in masks
                Int_t fMaxrfd           Largest fd in read mask
                Int_t fMaxwfd           Largest fd in write mask
                Int_t fSigcnt           Number of pending signals
              TString fWdpath           Working directory
              TString fHostname         Hostname
               Bool_t fInsideNotify     Used by DispatchTimers()
               Bool_t fInControl        True if in eventloop
               Bool_t fDone             True if eventloop should be finished
                Int_t fLevel            Level of nested eventloops
              TString fLastErrorString  Last system error message
      TSeqCollection* fTimers           List of timers
      TSeqCollection* fSignalHandler    List of signal handlers
      TSeqCollection* fFileHandler      List of file handlers
      TSeqCollection* fOnExitList       List of items to be cleaned-up on exit
              TString fListLibs         List shared libraries. Cache used by GetLibraries
              TString fListPaths        List of all include (fIncludePath + interpreter include path). Cache used by GetIncludePath
              TString fIncludePath      Used to expand $IncludePath in the directives given to SetMakeSharedLib and SetMakeExe
              TString fLinkedLibs       Used to expand $LinkedLibs in the directives given to SetMakeSharedLib and SetMakeExe
              TString fSoExt            Extension of shared library (.so, .sl, .a, .dll, etc.)
              TString fMakeSharedLib    Directive used to build a shared library
              TString fMakeExe          Directive used to build an executable
      TSeqCollection* fCompiled         List of created shared libs from compiled macros

See also

TUnixSystem

Class Description

                                                                      
 TSystem                                                              
                                                                      
 Abstract base class defining a generic interface to the underlying   
 Operating System.                                                    
 This is not an ABC in the strict sense of the (C++) word. For        
 every member function their is an implementation (often not more     
 than a call to AbstractMethod() which prints a warning saying        
 that the method should be overridden in a derived class), which      
 allows a simple partial implementation for new OS'es.                
                                                                      

 Create a new OS interface.

 Delete the OS interface.

 Initialize the OS interface. Copy the OS name (i.e. Unix) and the
 ROOT name to gSystemName and gRootName, respectively.

 Set the application name (from command line, argv[0]) and copy it in
 gProgName.

 Set DISPLAY environment variable based on utmp entry. Only for UNIX.

 Create an inspect view of the obj to perform TObject::Inspect

 Return system error string.

 Objects that should be deleted on exit of the OS interface.

 Return the system's host name.

 System event loop.

 Exit from event loop.

 Inner event loop.

 Process pending events (GUI, timers). Returns the result of
 TROOT::IsInterrupted(). The interrupt flag (TROOT::SetInterrupt())
 can be set during the handling of the events. This mechanism allows
 macros running in tight calculating loops to be interrupted by some
 GUI event (depending on the interval with which this method is
 called). For example hitting ctrl-c in a canvas will set the
 interrupt flag.

 Dispatch a single event.

 Sleep milliSec milli seconds.

 Return current time.

 Add timer to list of system timers.

 Remove timer from list of system timers.

 Time when next timer of mode (synchronous=kTRUE or
 asynchronous=kFALSE) will time-out (in ms).

 Add a signal handler to list of system signal handlers.

 Remove a signal handler from list of signal handlers.

 Add a file handler to the list of system file handlers.

 Remove a file handler from the list of file handlers.

 Ignore the interrupt signal if ignore == kTRUE else restore previous
 behaviour. Typically call ignore interrupt before writing to disk.

 Execute a command.

 Open a pipe.

 Close the pipe.

 Get process id.

 Exit the application.

 Abort the application.

 Print a stack trace.

 Make a directory. Returns 0 in case of success and
 -1 if the directory could not be created.

 Open a directory. Returns 0 if directory does not exist.

 Free a directory.

 Get a directory entry. Returns 0 if no more entries.

 Change directory.

 Return working directory.

 Return the user's home directory.

 Base name of a file name. Base name of /user/root is root.

 Return true if dir is an absolute pathname.

 Return the directory name in pathname. DirName of /user/root is /user.

 Convert from a Unix pathname to a local pathname. E.g. from /user/root to user\root.

 Concatenate a directory and a file name.

 Expand a pathname getting rid of special shell characters like ~.$, etc.
 For Unix/Win32 compatibility use $(XXX) instead of $XXX when using
 environment variables in a pathname. If compatibility is not an issue
 you can use on Unix directly $XXX. This is a protected function called
 from the OS specific system classes, like TUnixSystem and TWinNTSystem.

 Expand a pathname getting rid of special shell characaters like ~.$, etc.
 For Unix/Win32 compatibility use $(XXX) instead of $XXX when using
 environment variables in a pathname. If compatibility is not an issue
 you can use on Unix directly $XXX.

 Expand a pathname getting rid of special shell characaters like ~.$, etc.
 For Unix/Win32 compatibility use $(XXX) instead of $XXX when using
 environment variables in a pathname. If compatibility is not an issue
 you can use on Unix directly $XXX. The user must delete returned string.

 Returns FALSE if one can access a file using the specified access mode.

 Rename a file.

 Create a link from file1 to file2.

 Create a symbolic link from file1 to file2.

 Unlink, i.e. remove, a file.

 Get info about a file: id, size, flags, modification time.

 Set the process file creation mode mask.

 Find location of file in a search path.

 Set environment variable.

 Unset environment variable.

 Get environment variable.

 Open connection to system log daemon. For the use of the options and
 facility see the Unix openlog man page.

 Send mess to syslog daemon. Level is the logging level and mess the
 message that will be written on the log.

 Close connection to system log daemon.

 Load a shared library. Returns 0 on successful loading, 1 in
 case lib was already loaded and -1 in case lib does not exist
 or in case of error.

 Unload a shared library.

 List symbols in a shared library.

 List all loaded shared libraries.

 Return a space separated list of of loaded shared libraries.
 This list is of a format suitable for a linker, i.e it may contain
 -Lpathname and/or -lNameOfLib.
 Option can be any of:
   S: shared libraries loaded at the start of the executable, because
      they were specified on the link line.
   D: shared libraries dynamically loaded after the start of the program.

 Get Internet Protocol (IP) address of host.

 Get Internet Protocol (IP) address of remote host and port #.

 Get Internet Protocol (IP) address of host and port #.

 Get port # of internet service.

 Get name of internet service.

 Open a connection to another host.

 Announce TCP/IP service.

 Announce unix domain service.

 Accept a connection.

 Close socket connection.

 Receive exactly length bytes into buffer. Use opt to receive out-of-band
 data or to have a peek at what is in the buffer (see TSocket).

 Send exactly length bytes from buffer. Use opt to send out-of-band
 data (see TSocket).

 Receive a buffer headed by a length indicator.

 Send a buffer headed by a length indicator.

 Set socket option.

 Get socket option.

 This method compiles and loads a shared library containing
 the code from the file "filename".

 It uses the directive fMakeSharedLibs to create a shared library.
 If loading the shared library fails, it tries to output a list of missing
 symbols by creating an executable (on some platforms like OSF, this does
 not HAVE to be an executable) containing the script. It uses the
 directive fMakeExe to do so.
 For both directives, before passing them to TSystem::Exec, it expands the
 variables $SourceFiles, $SharedLib, $LibName, $IncludePath, $LinkedLibs,
 $ExeName and $ObjectFiles. See SetMakeSharedLib() for more information on
 those variables.

 This method is used to implement the following feature:

 Synopsis:

 The purpose of this addition is to allow the user to use an external
 compiler to create a shared library from its C++ macro (scripts).
 Currently in order to execute a script, a user has to type at the root
 prompt

  .X myfunc.C(arg1,arg2)

 We propose to allow him to type:

  .X myfunc.C++(arg1,arg2)

 In which case an external compiler will be called to create a shared
 library.  This shared library will then be loaded and the function
 myfunc will be called with the two arguments. Of course the ++ notation
 will also be supported in similar way for .x and .L.

 Through the function TSystem::SetMakeSharedLib(), the user will be able to
 indicate, with shell commands, how to build a shared library (a good
 default will be provided). The most common change, namely where to find
 header files, will be available through the function
 TSystem::SetIncludePath().
 A good default will be provided so that a typical user session should be at
 most:

 root[1] gSystem->SetIncludePath("-I$ROOTSYS/include
 -I$HOME/mypackage/include");
 root[2] .x myfunc.C++(10,20);

 The user may sometimes try to compile a script before it has loaded all the
 needed shared libraries.  In this case we want to be helpfull and output a
 list of the unresolved symbols. So if the loading of the created shared
 library fails, we will try to build a executable that contains the
 script. The linker should then output a list of missing symbols.

 To support this we provide a TSystem::SetMakeExe() function, that sets the
 directive telling how to create an executable. The loader will need
 to be informed of all the libraries available. The information about
 the libraries that has been loaded by .L and TSystem::Load() is accesible
 to the script compiler. However, the information about
 the libraries that have been selected at link time by the application
 builder (like the root libraries for root.exe) are not available and need
 to be explictly listed in fLinkedLibs (either by default or by a call to
 TSystem::SetLinkedLibs()).

 To simplify customization we could also add to the .rootrc support for the
 variables

 Unix.*.Root.IncludePath:     -I$ROOTSYS/include
 WinNT.*.Root.IncludePath:    -I%ROOTSYS%/include

 Unix.*.Root.LinkedLibs:      -L$ROOTSYS/lib -lBase ....
 WinNT.*.Root.LinkedLibs:     %ROOTSYS%/lib/*.lib msvcrt.lib ....

 And also support for MakeSharedLibs() and MakeExe().

 (the ... have to be replaced by the actual values and are here only to
 shorten this comment).

 Directives has the same syntax as the argument of SetMakeSharedLib but is
 used to create an executable. This creation is used as a means to output
 a list of unresolved symbols, when loading a shared library has failed.
 The required variable is $ExeName rather than $SharedLib, e.g.:
 gSystem->SetMakeExe(
 "g++ -Wall -fPIC -DR__GLIBC $IncludePath $SourceFiles
  -o $ExeName $LinkedLibs -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lX11 -lm -ldl -rdynamic");

 Directives should contain the description on how to compile and link a
 shared lib. This description can be any valid shell command, including
 the use of ';' to separate several instructions. However, shell specific
 construct should be avoided. In particular this description can contain
 environment variables, like $ROOTSYS (or %ROOTSYS% on windows).

 Five special variables will be expanded before execution:
   Variable name       Expands to
   -------------       ----------
   $SourceFiles        Name of source files to be compiled
   $SharedLib          Name of the shared library being created
   $LibName            Name of shared library without extension
   $IncludePath        value of fIncludePath
   $LinkedLibs         value of fLinkedLibs
   $ObjectFiles        Name of source files to be compiler with
                       their extension changed to .o or .obj
 e.g.:
 gSystem->SetMakeSharedLib(
 "KCC -n32 --strict $IncludePath -K0 -O0 -g $SourceFile
  --no_exceptions --signed_chars --display_error_number
  --diag_suppress 68 -o $SharedLib");

 gSystem->setMakeSharedLib(
 "Cxx $IncludePath -c $SourceFile;
  ld  -L/usr/lib/cmplrs/cxx -rpath /usr/lib/cmplrs/cxx -expect_unresolved
  -g0 -O1 -shared /usr/lib/cmplrs/cc/crt0.o /usr/lib/cmplrs/cxx/_main.o
  -o $SharedLib $ObjectFile -lcxxstd -lcxx -lexc -lots -lc"

 gSystem->SetMakeSharedLib(
 "$HOME/mygcc/bin/g++ -Wall -fPIC -DR__GLIBC $IncludePath $SourceFile
  -shared -o $SharedLib");

 gSystem->SetMakeSharedLib(
 "cl -DWIN32  -D_WIN32 -D_MT -D_DLL -MD /O2 /G5 /MD -DWIN32
  -DVISUAL_CPLUSPLUS -D_WINDOWS $IncludePath $SourceFile
  /link -PDB:NONE /NODEFAULTLIB /INCREMENTAL:NO /RELEASE /NOLOGO
  $LinkedLibs -entry:_DllMainCRTStartup@12 -dll /out:$SharedLib")

 IncludePath should contain the list of compiler flags to indicate where
 to find user defined header files. It is used to expand $IncludePath in
 the directives given to SetMakeSharedLib() and SetMakeExe(), e.g.:
    gSystem->SetInclude("-I$ROOTSYS/include -Imydirectory/include");
 the default value of IncludePath on Unix is:
    "-I$ROOTSYS/include "
 and on Windows:
    "/I%ROOTSYS%/include "

 LinkedLibs should contain the library directory and list of libraries
 needed to recreate the current executable. It is used to expand $LinkedLibs
 in the directives given to SetMakeSharedLib() and SetMakeExe()
 The default value on Unix is:
 "-L$ROOTSYS/lib -lNew -lBase -lCint -lClib -lCont -lFunc -lGraf -lGraf3d
  -lHist -lHtml -lMatrix -lMeta -lMinuit -lNet -lPhysics -lPostscript
  -lProof -lTree -lUnix -lZip -lGpad -lGui -lGX11 -lX3d -lXpm -lRint"

 Set shared library extension, should be either .so, .sl, .a, .dll, etc.

 Remove the shared libs produced by the CompileMacro() function.

Inline Functions

        const char* GetErrorStr()
             Bool_t InControl()
               void ResetTimer(TTimer*)
                int mkdir(char* name)
             Bool_t cd(char* path)
        const char* pwd()
            TClass* Class()
            TClass* IsA()
               void ShowMembers(TMemberInspector& insp, char* parent)
               void Streamer(TBuffer& b)
            TSystem TSystem(TSystem&)